Portal:Romania

The Romania Portal Flag Coat of arms Location At the confluence of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a predominantly continental climate, and an area of 238,397 km2 (92,046 sq mi) with a population of 19 million people (2023). Romania is the twelfth-largest country in Europe and the sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, followed by Cluj-Napoca, Iași, Timișoara, Constanța, Craiova, Brașov, and Galați. Settlement in what is now Romania began in the Lower Paleolithic followed by written records attesting the kingdom of Dacia, its conquest, and subsequent Romanisation by the Roman Empire during late antiquity. The modern Romanian state was formed in 1859 through a personal union of the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. The new state, officially named Romania since 1866, gained independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1877. During World War I, after declaring its neutrality in 1914, Romania fought together with the Allied Powers from 1916. In the aftermath of the war, Bukovina, Bessarabia, Transylvania, and parts of Banat, Crișana, and Maramureș became part of the Kingdom of Romania. In June–August 1940, as a consequence of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact and Second Vienna Award, Romania was compelled to cede Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union and Northern Transylvania to Hungary. In November 1940, Romania signed the Tripartite Pact and, consequently, in June 1941 entered World War II on the Axis side, fighting against the Soviet Union until August 1944, when it joined the Allies and recovered Northern Transylvania. Following the war and occupation by the Red Army, Romania became a socialist republic and a member of the Warsaw Pact. After the 1989 Revolution, Romania began a transition towards democracy and a market economy. Romania is a high-income country, with a very high Human Development Index and a highly complex economy, that is emerging to be a middle power in international affairs. Romania ranked 47th in the Global Innovation Index in 2023. Its economy ranks among the fastest growing in the European Union, being the world's 41th largest by nominal GDP, and the 35th largest by PPP. Romanian citizens enjoy one of the fastest and cheapest internet speeds in the world. Romania experienced rapid economic growth in the early 2000s; its economy is now based predominantly on services. It is a producer and net exporter of cars and electric energy through companies like Automobile Dacia and OMV Petrom. The majority of Romania's population are ethnic Romanians and religiously identify themselves as Eastern Orthodox Christians, speaking Romanian, a Romance language (more specifically Eastern Romance). Romania is a member of the United Nations, the European Union, the Schengen Area, NATO, the Council of Europe, BSEC and WTO. (Full article...) Good article - Entries here consist of Good articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards. "Boom Pow" is a song recorded by Romanian recording artist Alexandra Stan for her third studio album, Alesta (2016). It was made available for digital consumption on 25 August 2016 through Roton and Global Records. "Boom Pow" was written by David Ciente and Trey Campbell, while the production process was solely handled by Ciente. A europop and dance recording, Stan confessed that its lyrical content fits with the vibe of Constanța, her home town, where an accompanying music video was also shot in April 2016 by Ironic Distors. While music critics were positive towards the single and its visual, "Boom Pow" commercially peaked at number 67 on Romania's Airplay 100. (Full article...) Lupu in 2012 Radu Lupu CBE (30 November 1945 – 17 April 2022) was a Romanian pianist. He was widely recognized as one of the greatest pianists of his time. Born in Galați, Romania, Lupu began studying piano at the age of six. Two of his major piano teachers were Florica Musicescu, who also taught Dinu Lipatti, and Heinrich Neuhaus, who also taught Sviatoslav Richter and Emil Gilels. From 1966 to 1969, he won three of the world's most prestigious piano competitions: the Van Cliburn International Piano Competition (1966), the George Enescu International Piano Competition (1967), and the Leeds International Pianoforte Competition (1969). These victories launched Lupu's international career, and he appeared with all of the major orchestras and at all of the major festivals and music capitals of the world. (Full article...) "The Moon" is a song recorded by Romanian group Taxi. It was released as a CD single in 2000 by Intercont Music in Romania, containing its Romanian-language version "Luna" as a B-side. "The Moon" was written and produced solely by Teodorescu. It represented Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2000 in Stockholm, Sweden, after "Luna" won the pre-selection show Selecția Națională. In Stockholm, Romania automatically qualified to the final due to their relegation in the previous year and finished in 17th place with 25 points. (Full article...) The Battle With Torches by Romanian painter Theodor Aman (1866) The night attack at Târgoviște (Romanian: Atacul de noapte de la Târgoviște) was a battle fought between forces of Prince Vlad III of Wallachia, and Sultan Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire on Thursday, 17 June 1462. The battle started after Mehmed II, who already had tense relations with Vlad, discovered his alliance with Hungary's king Matthias Corvinus and ordered his forces to ambush him. Vlad foiled the attack and invaded Bulgaria. In response, Mehmed raised a great army with the objective to conquer Wallachia. The two leaders fought a series of skirmishes, the most notable one being the conflict where Vlad attacked the Turkish camp in the night in an attempt to kill Mehmed. The assassination attempt failed and Mehmed marched to the Wallachian capital of Târgoviște, where he found a few men with cannons. After leaving the capital, Mehmed discovered 23,844 impaled Turks whom Vlad had killed during his invasion of Bulgaria. The number is mentioned by Vlad himself in a letter to Matthias Corvinus. The sultan and his troops then sailed to Brăila and burned it to the ground before retreating to Adrianople. Mehmed's forces returned home with many captured slaves, horses, and cattle. (Full article...) The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cumania was a Latin-rite bishopric west of the Siret River (in present-day Romania) from 1228 to 1241. The lands incorporated into the diocese had been dominated by the nomadic Cumans since about 1100. Catholic missions began after Andrew II of Hungary granted Burzenland to the Teutonic Knights in 1211. After Andrew expelled the Knights from the territory in 1225, Dominican friars continued the Cuman mission. Robert, Archbishop of Esztergom baptized Boricius, an influential Cuman chieftain, two years later. Robert ordained a Hungarian Dominican friar, Theodoric, as the first bishop of Cumania in early 1228. Pope Gregory IX confirmed Theodoric's consecration on 21 March of that year, and the diocese was subordinate to the Holy See in 1229. The episcopal see was on the Milcov River, but its exact location is unknown. The diocese included Burzenland and lands east of the Carpathian Mountains. Vlachs (Romanians) who belonged to the Orthodox Church were a significant part of the diocese's population. They did not follow the Catholic bishop, and persuaded many Catholic Hungarians and Saxons to accept their Orthodox bishops. (Full article...) "Let Me Try" is a song recorded by Romanian singer Luminița Anghel and Romanian percussion band Sistem, consisting of Toth Zoltan, Mihai Ciprian Rogojan, Claudiu Purcărin, Robert Magheti and Florin Cătălin Romașcu. It was released as a CD single in 2005 by the Romanian Television (TVR). Romanian composer Cristian Faur wrote and produced the single for Anghel, who subsequently recorded it in collaboration with Sistem. Musically, "Let Me Try" is an uptempo folk-influenced disco song. The song represented Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 in Kyiv, Ukraine after winning the pre-selection show Selecția Națională. Anghel and Sistem's win was surrounded by controversy after the second-placed Romanian singer Loredana Groza accused TVR of conspiracy and arranged voting. In Kyiv, the artists qualified in first place for the Grand Final, where they came in third place with a total of 158 points. This remains Romania's best placement to date, alongside 2010's "Playing with Fire" by Paula Seling and Ovi. During their show, Anghel performed the song in front of Sistem, who were drumming on oil barrels and used grinding equipment to create a "spark rain". (Full article...) Anca Giurchescu née Ciortea (19 December 1930 – 4 April 2015) was a Romanian researcher of folk dance, and an ethnochoreologist, one of the founders of the discipline. Born in Bucharest to a family formerly from Translylvania, she lived in that region as a child. Entering university, she studied dance at the National Institute of Physical Education. During her schooling, she participated in competitive target shooting and was a silver (team) and bronze (individual) medalist in the 1955 European Shooting Championship. While still studying, she began working as a researcher at the Folklore Institute and in 1962 became a member of the International Council for Traditional Music. The Council established a working group which included Giurchescu, that laid the foundation for the science of ethnochoreology. In 1979, Giurchescu joined her husband in Copenhagen, after attending a seminar in Belfast, and defected. She continued her research into the cultural, historical, and social context of dance and taught throughout Europe and the United States. In 1989, the family returned to Romania, when the Socialist Republic of Romania was overthrown and remained for four years before returning to Copenhagen. She led numerous international research trips to study rituals and dance traditions among various ethnic minorities with roots in Romania and the surrounding countries. She was chair of the Study Group on Ethnochoreology of the International Council for Traditional Music from 1998 to 2006 and founding chair of their Ethnochoreology Sub-Study Group on Field Research Theory and Methods, leading it from 1990 to 2014. (Full article...) "Morena" (also known under the title of "Morena My Love") is a song by Romanian producer Tom Boxer and singer Antonia for Boxer's third studio album of the same name (2010) and the latter's first record This Is Antonia (2015). Written and produced solely by Boxer, the song was released in October 2009. Boxer came up with it in Greece, waiting for his order to arrive at a restaurant. A music critic from Viva magazine praised "Morena" for its catchiness and simple structure. The song also received an award in the Best Dance category at the 2010 Romanian Music Awards. An accompanying music video for the track was released on 19 February 2010, featuring Antonia making out with a woman after leaving a bar she performed at. The clip aroused controversy for its portrayal of lesbianism, but attained heavy airplay in Romania and Poland. "Morena" was performed on multiple occasions, including on X Factor Bulgaria in 2011. On several concert dates, Antonia was replaced with other singers due to her pregnancy at the time. Commercially, the single went on to reach number two on native Romanian Top 100 and the top ten on Bulgarian, Hungarian and Polish charts. (Full article...) Panait Cerna (Romanian pronunciation: [panaˈit ˈt͡ʃerna]; Bulgarian: Панайот Черна, Panayot Cherna, born Panayot Stanchov or Panait Staciov; August 26 or September 25, 1881 – March 26, 1913) was a Romanian poet, philosopher, literary critic and translator. A native speaker of Bulgarian, Cerna nonetheless wrote in Romanian, and developed a traditionalist style which was connected with classicism and neoclassicism. Praised by the conservative literary society Junimea, he was promoted by its leader Titu Maiorescu, as well as by Maiorescu's disciples Mihail Dragomirescu and Simion Mehedinţi. Cerna became the group's main representative during its decline, contributing to both major Junimist magazines, Convorbiri Literare and Convorbiri Critice. He also contributed pieces to the traditionalist magazine Sămănătorul, and was briefly affiliated with other literary journals. A graduate of the University of Bucharest, Cerna completed his studies in the German Empire. There, he attended the University of Berlin and the University of Leipzig, befriending the self-exiled Romanian dramatist Ion Luca Caragiale and the literary critic Paul Zarifopol. Cerna died in Leipzig at the age of thirty-one, after a long battle with tuberculosis. (Full article...) A 19th-century copy of a portrait attributed to Martin Kober representing Stephen Báthory in decorative Sarmatian attire Stephen Báthory (Hungarian: Báthory István; Polish: Stefan Batory; Lithuanian: Steponas Batoras; 27 September 1533 – 12 December 1586) was Voivode of Transylvania (1571–1576), Prince of Transylvania (1576–1586), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1576–1586). The son of Stephen VIII Báthory and a member of the Hungarian Báthory noble family, Báthory was a ruler of Transylvania in the 1570s, defeating another challenger for that title, Gáspár Bekes. (Full article...) Blanche Zélia Joséphine Delacroix, better known as Caroline Lacroix (French pronunciation: [kaʁɔlin lakʁwa]; 13 May 1883 – 12 February 1948), was the most prominent and notorious of Leopold II of Belgium's mistresses. Delacroix, who was of French origin, met the king in Paris as a young girl, when she was only 16 and he was 65. At that time, she earned her living from prostitution. They soon embarked upon a relationship that was to last until his death in 1909. Leopold lavished upon her large sums of money, estates, gifts, and a noble title, baronne de Vaughan (Baroness Vaughan). Because of these presents, Caroline was deeply unpopular both among the Belgian people and internationally, as Leopold became increasingly criticized for his greed-induced actions in the Congo Free State, his own personal colony. As Caroline largely profited from the king's income from the colony, she became known as La reine du Congo ("The Queen of the Congo"). (Full article...) "Playing with Fire" is a song recorded by Romanian singer Paula Seling and Romanian-Norwegian performer Ovidiu Cernăuțeanu for their 2010 collaborative album of the same name. It was released as a CD single in 2010 by TVR, TMC and AXR labels. Partly influenced by opera music, the track was written by Ovi and produced by Simen M. Eriksrud. The lyrics of "Playing with Fire" portray a fight between a male and a female, with a reviewer speculating that it revolved around arson, a crime of intentionally, deliberately and maliciously setting fire to buildings or other properties with the intent to cause damage. The track represented Romania in the 2010 Eurovision Song Contest in Oslo, Norway after winning the pre-selection show Selecția Națională. Seling and Ovi's win sparked controversy after it was speculated that Eriksrud was one of the writers of "Playing with Fire", which was not permitted by the rules of the national selection as he is not of Romanian origin. The accusations were denied and it was later confirmed that Eriksrud only produced the track. In Oslo, the singers qualified for the Grand Final, where they finished third with 162 points. This remains Romania's best result in the contest alongside 2005's "Let Me Try" by Luminița Anghel and Sistem. Onstage, Seling and Ovi played a double piano wearing a black catsuit and black clothing, respectively, accompanied by four background vocalists. (Full article...) "I Admit" is a song recorded by Romanian singer Sanda for her fifth studio album Khalini (2006). It was recorded at the Studioul Adi Ordean and was released as a CD single in 2004 by Romanian Television (TVR). A dance-pop track with Latin beats in its instrumentation, "I Admit" was written by Irina Gligor and produced by George Popa. The track represented Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2004 in Istanbul, Turkey after winning the pre-selection show Selecția Națională. Sanda's victory was widely contested by observers. In Istanbul, Romania automatically qualified to the final due to their top 11 placement in the previous edition and finished in 18th place with 18 points. Sanda's show contained sexual elements, with her wearing what a reviewer described as a vampire-inspired look consisting of a dress similar to those worn by Cher. Commercially, "I Admit" failed to impact any national chart. (Full article...) Portrait by Dominicus Custos Sigismund Báthory (Hungarian: Báthory Zsigmond; 1573 – 27 March 1613) was Prince of Transylvania several times between 1586 and 1602, and Duke of Racibórz and Opole in Silesia in 1598. His father, Christopher Báthory, ruled Transylvania as voivode (or deputy) of the absent prince, Stephen Báthory. Sigismund was still a child when the Diet of Transylvania elected him voivode at his dying father's request in 1581. Initially, regency councils administered Transylvania on his behalf, but Stephen Báthory made János Ghyczy the sole regent in 1585. Sigismund adopted the title of prince after Stephen Báthory died. The Diet proclaimed Sigismund to be of age in 1588, but only after he agreed to expel the Jesuits. Pope Sixtus V excommunicated him, but the ban was lifted in 1590, and the Jesuits returned a year later. His blatant favoritism towards the Catholics made him unpopular among his Protestant subjects. He decided to join the Holy League against the Ottoman Empire. Since he could not convince the Diet to support his plan, he renounced the throne in July 1594, but the commanders of the army convinced him to revoke his abdication. At their proposal, he purged the noblemen who opposed the war against the Ottomans. He officially joined the Holy League and married Maria Christina of Habsburg, a niece of the Holy Roman Emperor, Rudolph II. The marriage was never consummated. (Full article...) Bulgarian-inhabited places in the Banat Bulgarian-inhabited places in the Banat   Bulgarian population   City or town The Banat Bulgarians (Banat Bulgarian: Palćene or Banátsći balgare; common Bulgarian: Банатски българи, romanized: Banatski balgari; Romanian: Bulgari bănățeni; Serbian: Банатски Бугари / Banatski Bugari), also known as Bulgarian Roman Catholics and Bulgarians Paulicians or simply as Paulicians, are a distinct Bulgarian minority group which since the Chiprovtsi Uprising in the late 17th century began to settle in the region of the Banat, which was then ruled by the Habsburgs and after World War I was divided between Romania, Serbia, and Hungary. Unlike most other Bulgarians, they are Roman Catholic by confession and stem from groups of Paulicians (who eventually adopted Catholicism) and Roman Catholics from modern northern and northwestern Bulgaria. Banat Bulgarians speak a distinctive codified form of the Eastern Bulgarian vernacular with much lexical influence from the other languages of the Banat. Although strongly acculturated to the Pannonian region (remote from Bulgaria's mainland), they have preserved their Bulgarian identity; however, they consider themselves Bulgarians among other ethnic groups but self-identify as Paulicians when compared to ethnic Bulgarians. (Full article...) Selected article - SMS Bodrog on the Danube river in 1914 The Yugoslav monitor Sava is a Temes-class river monitor that was built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy as SMS Bodrog. She fired the first shots of World War I just after 01:00 on 29 July 1914, when she and two other monitors shelled Serbian defences near Belgrade. She was part of the Danube Flotilla, and fought the Serbian and Romanian armies from Belgrade to the mouth of the Danube. In the closing stages of the war, she was the last monitor to withdraw towards Budapest, but was captured by the Serbs when she grounded on a sandbank downstream from Belgrade. After the war, she was transferred to the newly created Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia), and renamed Sava. She remained in service throughout the interwar period, although budget restrictions meant she was not always in full commission. During the German-led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, Sava served with the 1st Monitor Division. Along with her fellow monitor Vardar, she laid mines in the Danube near the Romanian border during the first few days of the invasion. The two monitors fought off several attacks by the Luftwaffe, but were forced to withdraw to Belgrade. Due to high river levels and low bridges, navigation was difficult, and Sava was scuttled on 11 April. Some of her crew tried to escape cross-country towards the southern Adriatic coast, but all were captured prior to the Yugoslav surrender. The vessel was later raised by the navy of the Axis puppet state known as the Independent State of Croatia and continued to serve as Sava until the night of 8 September 1944 when she was again scuttled. (Full article...) List of selected articles Căile Ferate Române Romanian cuisine Marie of Romania Yugoslav monitor Vardar Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains Foundation of Wallachia Panait Cerna Romania in the Middle Ages Timișoara Ion Heliade Rădulescu Regulamentul Organic Vampire History of the flags of Romania Sviatoslav I of Kiev Origin of the Romanians Port of Constanța Ciomadul Romanian language Romania national football team Carpathian Mountains Romanian Revolution Bucharest Kingdom of Romania Timișoara Iași Constanța Craiova Greater Romania COVID-19 pandemic in Romania 1944 Romanian coup d'état Romania in World War II Religion in Romania Highways in Romania Romania in World War I Romanian Orthodox Church LGBT rights in Romania Transylvania Arad, Romania Unification of Moldova and Romania Romani people in Romania Carol I of Romania Pitești Prison Romanian wine Early Modern Romania Slavery in Romania National Liberal Party (Romania) Origin of the Romanians Symbolist movement in Romania Henri Coandă International Airport Wallachia Dacia Logan Dacia Sandero Dacia Duster Automotive industry in Romania Selected biography - Kövesi in 2018 Laura Codruța Kövesi (née Lascu; Romanian pronunciation: [ˈla.ura koˈdrut͡sa ˈkøveʃi]; born 15 May 1973) is the first European Chief Prosecutor and the former chief prosecutor of Romania's National Anticorruption Directorate (Romanian: Direcția Națională Anticorupție - DNA), a position she held from 2013 until she was fired on the order of Justice Minister Tudorel Toader on 9 July 2018. Prior to this, between 2006 and 2012 Kövesi was the Prosecutor General of Romania (Romanian: Procuror General), attached to the High Court of Cassation and Justice. Upon appointment in 2006, Kövesi was the first woman and the youngest Prosecutor General in Romania's history. She is also the only public servant to have held the office of Prosecutor General for the entire duration of its term. (Full article...) List of selected biographies Vlad the Impaler Sebastian Stan Elisabeth of Romania Nadia Comăneci Brassaï Cosmin Contra Saul Steinberg Ana Pauker Ion Țiriac Irina-Camelia Begu Jacob L. Moreno Alexandru Maxim Haiducii Horia Sima Ecaterina Teodoroiu Nicolae Ceaușescu Tamara Tchinarova Klaus Iohannis Mihail Sadoveanu Cristina Neagu Ion Mihai Pacepa Liviu Dragnea Anna Lesko Nicu Vlad Gabriela Firea Corneliu Coposu Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Maia Morgenstern Tudor Gheorghe Sorana Cîrstea Ioan Petru Culianu Elena Gheorghe Benjamin Fondane Viorica Dăncilă Jean Negulesco Smiley (singer) Prince Radu of Romania Loredana Groza Miodrag Belodedici Elena Ceaușescu Dinu Lipatti Ecaterina Szabo Emil Constantinescu Mădălina Diana Ghenea George Enescu Andreea Diaconu Ion Luca Caragiale Ana Bogdan Ferdinand I of Romania Daniela Silivaș George Emil Palade Related portals Selected picture Lightning over Oradea, Romania Did you know (auto generated) ... that in 1968, actor Ludovic Antal recited a Romanian nationalist poem in front of tourists from Soviet Moldavia, causing them to flee for their bus for fear of a "provocation"? ... that Matei Donici, a general in the Imperial Russian Army, secretly wrote poetry with Romanian-nationalist and anti-Russian messages? ... that Gagauz politician Dumitru Topciu was mocked by his colleagues in the Romanian Assembly of Deputies for speaking Romanian with a "boorish accent"? ... that following the ban of its labour unions in 1934, the Romanian United Socialist Party would rely on its youth and women's wings for political action? ... that Soviet politician Pavel Chioru wanted "Moldovan", which he developed from a dialect of Romanian, to serve as a language of the "exploited" against the supposedly upper-class Romanian? ... that writer I. C. Vissarion was sentenced to death during the 1907 Romanian peasants' revolt, after it was alleged that he had created homemade bombs? More did you know ...that Romania's Palace of Parliament, despite the building process not being completely finished, is the biggest building in Europe and the second-largest building in the world? General images The following are images from various Romania-related articles on Wikipedia. The foundation of the First Bulgarian Empire (from History of Romania) Humanitas headquarters in Bucharest (from Culture of Romania) Proclamation of Union between Transylvania and Romania (from History of Romania) Ioan Slavici (from Culture of Romania) Papanași (from Culture of Romania) Principality of Wallachia, Principality of Moldavia, and Principality of Transylvania in personal union of Michael the Brave in 1600 (from History of Romania) One of the greatest existence of Dacia (from History of Romania) EUROPAfest Jazz festival in Bucharest (2010) (from Culture of Romania) The Dacian kingdom under Decebalus (from History of Romania) Romanian territorial losses in the Treaty of Bucharest in May 1918 (from History of Romania) St. Sylvester's Church in Bucharest (from Culture of Romania) Territories inhabited by Romanians before WWI (from History of Romania) Turda salt mine (from Geography of Romania) Putna Monastery in Suceava County, Bukovina (from Culture of Romania) Duiliu Zamfirescu (from Culture of Romania) Baked potatoes with steak and cucumber salad (from Culture of Romania) Engraving of a fairy tale scene, featuring Prince Charming (Făt-Frumos) and a dragon (zmeu). (from Culture of Romania) Lieutenant Emil Rebreanu was awarded the Medal for Bravery in gold, the highest military award given by the Austrian command to an ethnic Romanian; he would later be hanged for desertion while trying to escape to Romania. (from History of Romania) Romanian pavilion at EXPO Paris 1937 (from History of Romania) Baked pumpkin with powdered sugar and cinnamon (from Culture of Romania) The sanctuaries of the ancient Dacian Kingdom capital, Sarmizegetusa Regia (from History of Romania) Geto-Dacian Koson, mid 1st century BC (from History of Romania) Ion Creangă (from Culture of Romania) Titu Maiorescu (from Culture of Romania) Victory Avenue in Bucharest, 1940 (from Culture of Romania) Ciprian Porumbescu (from Culture of Romania) Cheile Turzii and Hășdate River in Transylvania. (from Geography of Romania) St. Nicholas Church, Brașov in Brașov (Hungarian: Brassó) (from Culture of Romania) Calistrat Hogaș (from Culture of Romania) Roman Dacia, between 106 and 271 AD (from History of Romania) The legend map of Dacia at its zenith (from History of Romania) Romanian "tamburași" drummers in traditional clothing (from Culture of Romania) The Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1786, Italian map by G. Pittori, since the geographer Giovanni Antonio Rizzi Zannoni (from History of Romania) The map that shows the Dacian invasion of Boii and Taurisci (from History of Romania) A 19th century depiction of Dacian women (from History of Romania) George Coșbuc (from Culture of Romania) Tochitură (from Culture of Romania) Vasile Alecsandri (from Culture of Romania) Timeline of the borders of Romania between 1859 and 2010 (from History of Romania) Dacia during Constantine the Great (from History of Romania) The Communist government fostered the personality cult of Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife Elena, 1986. (from History of Romania) Europe in 1190 (from History of Romania) Mihai Eminescu, national poet of Romania and Moldova (from Culture of Romania) Romania after the territorial losses of 1940. The recovery of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina was the catalyst for Romania's entry into the war on Germany's side. (from History of Romania) Iași (capital of Moldavia) at the end of the 18th century (from Culture of Romania) Europe in 14th century (from History of Romania) 1941 stamp depicting a Romanian and a German soldier in reference to the two countries' common participation in Operation Barbarossa. The text below reads the holy war against Bolshevism. (from History of Romania) Kingdom of Romania in 1939 (from History of Romania) Nicolae Ceaușescu condemning the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 (from History of Romania) Romania administered Transnistria, the area between the Dniester and Southern Bug, in July 1941. (from History of Romania) The sanctuaries in the ruined Sarmizegetusa Regia, the capital of ancient Dacia (from History of Romania) Nicolae Grigorescu (from Culture of Romania) Votive stele representing Bendis wearing a Dacian cap (British Museum) (from History of Romania) Clătite with jam (from Culture of Romania) Antonescu and Adolf Hitler at the Führerbau in Munich (June 1941) (from History of Romania) Ethnic map of Greater Romania according to the 1930 census. Sizeable ethnic minorities put Romania at odds with Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Soviet Union throughout the interwar period. (from History of Romania) Romanian keyboard with special characters (from Culture of Romania) Peleș Castle, retreat of Romanian monarchs (from History of Romania) The legend map showing Burebista's campaigns (from History of Romania) Sibiu (Hungarian: Nagyszeben, German: Hermannstadt), the 2007 European Capital of Culture (from Culture of Romania) Ion Heliade Rădulescu (from Culture of Romania) The thinkers of Hamangia, Neolithic Hamangia culture (c. 5250 – 4550 BC) (from History of Romania) Ion Luca Caragiale (from Culture of Romania) Romania has seen its largest waves of protests against judicial reform ordinances of the PSD-ALDE coalition during the 2017–2019 Romanian protests. (from History of Romania) Tarabostes on the Arch of Constantine (from History of Romania) Great Romania (1920–1940) (from History of Romania) The medieval and picturesque Transylvanian Saxon town of Sighișoara (Hungarian: Segesvár, German: Schäßburg) (from Culture of Romania) Neacșu's letter is the oldest surviving document written in Romanian. (from Culture of Romania) Allies operations against the Axis (from History of Romania) The comprehensive map detailing the approximate lands inhabited by the Getae according to Strabo's accounts (from History of Romania) Alexandru Odobescu (from Culture of Romania) Nicolae Ceaușescu and others welcome the Red Army as it enters Bucharest on 30 August 1944. (from History of Romania) Andrei Mureșanu (from Culture of Romania) Seal of Michael the Brave during the personal union of the two Romanian principalities with Transylvania (from History of Romania) First Bulgarian Empire (from History of Romania) University Square in Bucharest during Communism (from Culture of Romania) Map of Europe in 1648 showing Transylvania and the two Romanian principalities: Wallachia and Moldavia (from History of Romania) Bucharest (capital of Wallachia) at the end of the 18th century (from Culture of Romania) Map of Romania after World War II indicating lost territories (from History of Romania) George Barițiu (from Culture of Romania) Mustard soup with croutons (from Culture of Romania) Romania map of Köppen climate classification, according with Clima României from the Administrația Națională de Meteorologie, Bucharest 2008 (from Geography of Romania) Roman walls in Dacia (from History of Romania) Ștefan Luchian (from Culture of Romania) Two of the eight marble statues of Dacian warriors surmounting the Arch of Constantine in Rome (from History of Romania) Physical and administrative map of Romania, with the historic regions in grey (Țara Românească means Wallachia). (from Geography of Romania) Top: territories controlled by the Dacian king, c. 50 BC; bottom: territories controlled by the Dacian king, circa year zero (from History of Romania) Bran Castle (German: Törzburg, Hungarian: Törcsvár) built in 1212, is commonly known as Dracula's Castle and is situated in the centre of present-day Romania. In addition to its unique architecture, the castle is famous because of persistent myths that it was once the home of Vlad III Dracula. (from History of Romania) C.A. Rosetti (from Culture of Romania) Illustration featuring the Romanian coat of arms and tricolor (from Culture of Romania) Dacian cast in Pushkin Museum, after original in Lateran Museum. Early second century AD. 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